Sputumaccording to TCM

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What is Sputum?

Sputum, commonly known as Phlegm, is a mucus that can be coughed up from the respiratory tract. It is often a symptom of inflammation or disease within the lungs and bronchial passages. The presence of sputum is typically associated with colds, infections, or chronic lung diseases such as bronchitis. Its characteristics—whether thin or thick, clear, yellow, green, or bloody—can help diagnose the underlying condition. Sputum's nature and persistence can be bothersome and sometimes indicative of the body's attempt to expel harmful pathogens or irritants.

How Does TCM View Sputum?

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) views sputum as a manifestation of disharmony within the body's systems, commonly associated with the accumulation of Phlegm, a pathogenic factor in TCM. Phlegm in TCM is not just the physical secretion but a reflection of a functional imbalance, often related to the Lungs, Spleen, Heart and Kidney systems.

TCM underscores the importance of identifying the type of Phlegm and the underlying disharmony to tailor the treatment, as sputum characteristics can vary from Cold-Phlegm to Phlegm-Fire, each requiring different therapeutic strategies.

Root Causes of Sputum in TCM

TCM recognizes several patterns that can lead to the production of sputum, with Phlegm and Dampness being central concepts. For example, Cold-Phlegm in the Lungs presents with symptoms like coughing and a feeling of chest oppression, pointing to an Excess of Cold and fluid accumulation.

Conversely, Phlegm-Heat can lead to thick, yellow sputum, associated with symptoms of restlessness and a feeling of heat, indicating an internal Heat that 'cooks' the fluids into Phlegm. These patterns reveal the TCM principle that sputum is a sign of the body's struggle to regain balance and clear disturbance.

Explore below more details about what might cause Sputum according to TCM.

  • By Syndrome
  • By Organ
  • Phlegm
  • Heat
  • Wind
Detailed description of the cause

Phlegm

In TCM "Phlegm" as a pattern of disharmony is a complex concept that extends beyond the physical manifestation of mucus. It represents a pathological factor that can disrupt the flow of Qi (vital energy) and blood, leading to various health issues. Phlegm in TCM is seen as a sticky, turbid substance arising from the body's inability to metabolize fluids properly, often due to a dysfunction of the spleen. It's not only associated with respiratory problems like cough and congestion but also with systemic issues. Symptoms can include a feeling of heaviness, mental cloudiness, dizziness, and in some cases, the formation of lumps or masses. Phlegm can even be "invisible," contributing to emotional disturbances like depression or stress. ... see more

Phlegm Patterns That Can Lead to Sputum

Common Symptoms: Stifling Sensation In The Chest Dizziness Feeling Of Heaviness Nausea Depression Shortness Of Breath Profuse White Sputum Palpitations

Pattern Name Relevant Symptoms Relevant Formulas
Phlegm Fire harassing the Pericardium Mucus, Palpitations, Flushed face, Bitter taste in the mouth, Noisy breathing, Restlessness, Insomnia, Vivid dreaming, Anxiety, Incoherent or confused speech, Confusion, Rash behaviour, Uncontrolled laughing or crying, Verbal aggression, Talking to oneself, Depression, Dull shallow face, Aggression, Stifling sensation in the chest, Chest pain, Rapid breath... see more Wen Dan Tang | Huang Lian Wen Dan Tang | Zhi Bao Dan | Hui Chun Dan
Phlegm-Fire harassing the Heart Mucus, Palpitations, Flushed face, Bitter taste in the mouth, Noisy breathing, Restlessness, Insomnia, Vivid dreaming, Anxiety, Incoherent or confused speech, Confusion, Rash behaviour, Uncontrolled laughing or crying, Verbal aggression, Talking to oneself, Depression, Dull shallow face, Aggression... see more Wen Dan Tang | Huang Lian Wen Dan Tang | Sheng Tie Luo Yin
Damp-Phlegm in the Uterus Sputum throat, Late menstruation, Amenorrhea, Scanty menstruation, Lower abdominal pain, Abdominal heaviness, Stifling sensation in the chest, Generalized fatigue, Diarrhea, Dull pale complexion, Obesity, Infertility, Ovarian cysts, Ovarian fibroids, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Pseudocyesis, Sputum, Feeling of heaviness... see more Cang Fu Dao Tan Wan | Wei Ling Tang | Wan Dai Tang | Xiong Gui Er Chen Tang
Cold-Phlegm in the Lungs Phlegm in throat, Coughing, White and watery sputum, Chills, Cold hands, Sputum, Dizziness, Stifling sensation in the chest, Feeling of heaviness... see more Ling Gui Zhu Gan Tang | Ling Gan Wu Wei Jiang Xin Tang | San Zi Yang Qin Tang
Damp-Phlegm in the Lungs Phlegm in throat, Profuse white sputum, Coughing, Pale face, Sputum, Stifling sensation in the chest, Shortness of breath, Discomfort when lying down, Wheezing, Nausea, Feeling of heaviness, Dizziness, Asthma, Chest distension... see more Er Chen Tang
Dry-Phlegm in the Lungs Phlegm in throat, Dry cough, Scanty sputum, Shortness of breath, Stifling sensation in the chest, Sputum, Feeling of heaviness, Dizziness, Dry throat, Wheezing, Pale face... see more Bei Mu Gua Lou San
Phlegm-Heat in the Lungs Phlegm in throat, Phlegm, Coughing of copious thick yellow sputum, Coughing, Shortness of breath, Wheezing, Stifling sensation in the chest, Sputum, Feeling of heat, Thirst, Head and body heaviness, Dizziness, Copious thick yellow sputum... see more Wen Dan Tang | Er Chen Tang | Qing Qi Hua Tan Wan | Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang | Qing Xin Li Ge Tang | Ren Shen Ge Jie San | Pi Pa Qing Fei Yin | Xiao Xian Xiong Tang
Phlegm-Heat Coughing and wheezing with copious thick and yellow sputum, Coughing of copious thick yellow sputum, Upper abdominal oppression, Mucous in feces, Depression Wen Dan Tang | Qing Qi Hua Tan Wan | Ding Chuan Tang | Gun Tan Wan
Phlegm Clear mucus, Stifling sensation in the chest, Head fog, Dizziness Ling Gui Zhu Gan Tang | Xiao Ban Xia Tang
Wind-Phlegm Copious sputum, Coughing of phlegm, Dizziness, Stifling sensation in the chest, Aphasia, Coughing and wheezing with copious sputum, Noisy breathing, Limb numbness... see more Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang
Turbid Phlegm Blocks Orifices Excessive phlegm, Coma, Loss of consciousness, Clenching of teeth, Shortness of breath, Pale face, Copious sputum, Drooling... see more Tong Guan San
Phlegm-Fluids above the diaphragm Coughing of copious thin and white sputum, Profuse white sputum, Coughing, Asthma, Edema, Stifling sensation in the chest, Dizziness Ling Gan Wu Wei Jiang Xin Tang | Xiao Qing Long Tang
Phlegm-Fluids in the limbs Coughing of copious thin and white sputum, Coughing with copious white sputum, Feeling of heaviness, Muscle pain, Lack of sweating, Absence of thirst, Profuse white sputum, Swollen limbs, Urinary dysfunction... see more Xiao Qing Long Tang | Da Qing Long Tang
Damp-Phlegm Profuse white sputum, Focal distention of the chest, Upper abdominal focal distention, Nausea, Sticky taste in the mouth, Absence of thirst, Obesity, Swollen limbs, Abdominal fat... see more Er Chen Tang | Xiang Sha Liu Jun Zi Tang | Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan
Wind-Cold invading the Interior with Phelgm-Heat Coughing and wheezing with copious thick and yellow sputum, Shortness of breath, Copious thick yellow sputum, Chronic bronchitis, Asthma, Bronchiolitis, Bronchial asthma... see more Ding Chuan Tang
Qi Stagnation in Gallbladder and Stomach with Phlegm Heat Coughing of copious thick yellow sputum, Nausea or vomiting, Vertigo, Vivid dreaming, Palpitations, Anxiety, Excessive hunger, Focal distention of the chest, Bitter taste in the mouth, Slight thirst, Copious thick yellow sputum... see more Wen Dan Tang
Phlegm clogging the Lungs with Qi Stagnation Coughing and wheezing with copious sputum, Focal distention of the chest, Lack of appetite, Dyspepsia, Chronic bronchitis, Bronchial asthma, Emphysema, Childhood asthma, Diaphragm pain... see more San Zi Yang Qin Tang
Phlegm-Dampness in the Middle-Burner Coughing of copious thin and white sputum, Nausea, Vomit, Tight feeling in chest and stomach, Focal distention, Profuse white sputum, Anorexia, Peptic ulcer, Chronic gastritis, Acid reflux, Abdominal pain... see more Liu Jun Zi Tang
Damp-Cold Phlegm Coughing with copious white sputum, Nausea, Vomit, Tight feeling in chest and stomach, Palpitations, Dizziness, Focal distention, Profuse white sputum, Upper respiratory tract infections, Chronic bronchitis, Emphysema... see more Er Chen Tang

TCM Herbal Formulas for Sputum

To address the root causes of sputum, TCM prescribes specific herbal formulas according to the identified pattern. Wen Dan Tang, with its key ingredient Crow-Dipper Rhizomes, is commonly used to clear Phlegm-Heat, harmonizing the Gallbladder and Stomach, and alleviating symptoms of restlessness.

For Cold-Phlegm patterns, formulas like Ling Gui Zhu Gan Tang are utilized, featuring Poria-Cocos Mushrooms to warm the Lungs and transform Phlegm. These examples illustrate how TCM targets the underlying pattern to effectively resolve the symptom of sputum.

Explore below some TCM herbal formulas used to address sputum, organized by cause and by formula type.

  • By Cause
  • By Formula Type
  • Phlegm
  • Heat
  • Wind

All Formulas Recommended for Sputum Caused by Phlegm

Formula Patterns Suitable For
Wen Dan Tang Phlegm Fire harassing the Pericardium, Phlegm-Fire harassing the Heart, Phlegm-Heat in the Lungs, Phlegm-Heat, Qi Stagnation in Gallbladder and Stomach with Phlegm Heat... see more
Er Chen Tang Damp-Phlegm in the Lungs, Phlegm-Heat in the Lungs, Damp-Cold Phlegm, Damp-Phlegm... see more
Qing Qi Hua Tan Wan Phlegm-Heat in the Lungs, Phlegm-Heat
Huang Lian Wen Dan Tang Phlegm Fire harassing the Pericardium, Phlegm-Fire harassing the Heart
Ling Gui Zhu Gan Tang Cold-Phlegm in the Lungs, Phlegm
Ling Gan Wu Wei Jiang Xin Tang Cold-Phlegm in the Lungs, Phlegm-Fluids above the diaphragm
San Zi Yang Qin Tang Cold-Phlegm in the Lungs, Phlegm clogging the Lungs with Qi Stagnation
Ding Chuan Tang Wind-Cold invading the Interior with Phelgm-Heat, Phlegm-Heat
Xiao Qing Long Tang Phlegm-Fluids above the diaphragm, Phlegm-Fluids in the limbs
Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang Phlegm-Heat in the Lungs
Pi Pa Qing Fei Yin Phlegm-Heat in the Lungs
Zhi Bao Dan Phlegm Fire harassing the Pericardium
Hui Chun Dan Phlegm Fire harassing the Pericardium
Sheng Tie Luo Yin Phlegm-Fire harassing the Heart
Cang Fu Dao Tan Wan Damp-Phlegm in the Uterus
Wei Ling Tang Damp-Phlegm in the Uterus
Wan Dai Tang Damp-Phlegm in the Uterus
Xiong Gui Er Chen Tang Damp-Phlegm in the Uterus
Bei Mu Gua Lou San Dry-Phlegm in the Lungs
Qing Xin Li Ge Tang Phlegm-Heat in the Lungs
Ren Shen Ge Jie San Phlegm-Heat in the Lungs
Xiao Xian Xiong Tang Phlegm-Heat in the Lungs
Gun Tan Wan Phlegm-Heat
Xiao Ban Xia Tang Phlegm
Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang Wind-Phlegm
Tong Guan San Turbid Phlegm Blocks Orifices
Liu Jun Zi Tang Phlegm-Dampness in the Middle-Burner
Da Qing Long Tang Phlegm-Fluids in the limbs
Xiang Sha Liu Jun Zi Tang Damp-Phlegm
Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan Damp-Phlegm

Acupoints for Sputum

In TCM, acupuncture is employed to complement herbal treatment for sputum, with specific points selected for their impact on Phlegm and Qi. Tiantu REN-22, located in the suprasternal fossa, is a significant point for descending Lung Qi, benefiting the throat, and resolving Phlegm.

By stimulating such points, TCM aims to restore the proper movement of Qi and fluids in the body, reducing the production and accumulation of sputum, and thus treating both the symptom and its root cause.

Explore below some acupoints used to address sputum, organized by meridian.

  • By Meridian
  • Lung Channel
  • Stomach Channel
  • Directing Vessel
Zhongfu LU-1

Zhongfu LU-1

On the lateral aspect of the chest, in the 1st intercostal space, 6 cun lateral to the midline, 1 cun inferior to Yunmen LU-2. Below the acromial extremity of the clavicle, slightly medial to the lower border of the coracoid process.

Chize LU-5

Chize LU-5

On the cubital crease, on the redial aspect of the biceps tendon. It can be easily identified when the elbow is slightly flexed.

Taiyuan LU-9

Taiyuan LU-9

At the wrist crease (wrist joint space), in the depression on the radial aspect of the radial artery and ulnar to the tendon of the abductor pollicis longus muscle.

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