What is Constipation?

Constipation is a common digestive condition characterized by infrequent bowel movements, hard stools, and difficulty passing stools. It can vary from acute to chronic, severely impacting an individual's quality of life.

Sub-symptoms include chronic constipation, severe constipation, postpartum constipation, and constipation in the elderly, each presenting unique challenges in both diagnosis and treatment.

How does TCM view Constipation?

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) interprets constipation as a symptom of underlying disharmony within the body's organ systems, particularly the Spleen, Liver, and Kidneys.

TCM emphasizes the importance of identifying the specific pattern of disharmony causing constipation to effectively restore balance. This approach contrasts with Western medicine by focusing on the root cause rather than merely addressing the symptom.

Root Causes of Constipation in TCM

TCM identifies several patterns that can lead to constipation, such as the Heat in the Blood, which manifests as dry stools and an overall sensation of heat; Interior Wind, characterized by neurological symptoms alongside constipation; and Yin Deficiency, where a lack of fluid in the body leads to Dryness and constipation.

Each pattern reflects an imbalance in the body’s Qi, Blood, Yin, or Yang, requiring a targeted approach to treatment that addresses both the symptoms and their underlying causes.

Explore below more details about what might cause Constipation according to TCM.

  • By Syndrome
  • By Organ
  • Heat
  • Wind
  • Yin Deficiency
Detailed description of the cause

Heat

In TCM "Heat" signifies an excess of Yang energy, leading to an imbalance where heat predominates over the body's cool Yin aspects. This condition is metaphorically akin to an internal over-heating. Symptoms indicative of Heat can include feelings of warmth, fever, sweating, irritability, red face, thirst with a preference for cold drinks, and a rapid pulse. The tongue may appear red with a yellow coating. Unlike the common interpretation of heat in terms of temperature, in TCM, it represents a state of hyperactivity or inflammation in the body.... see more

Heat Patterns That Can Lead to Constipation

Common Symptoms: Thirst Irritability Flushed Face Dry Stools Dark Urine Dizziness Feeling Of Heat Fever

Pattern Name Relevant Symptoms Relevant Formulas
Heat in the Blood Constipation, Feeling of heat, Red skin eruptions, Thirst, Frequent bleeding, Bloody sputum, Hematochezia, Hematuria, Vomiting blood, Cough of blood, Nosebleeds, Excessive menstruation... see more Qing Jing San | Long Dan Xie Gan Tang | Liang Di Tang | Di Gu Pi Yin
Bright Yang Fire in Stomach and Intestines Constipation, Afternoon fever, Excessive sweating, Sweating on limbs, Abdominal fullness, Abdominal pain, Dry stools, Thirst, Dark urine, Anal burning, Irritability, Delirium... see more Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang | Xiao Cheng Qi Tang
Heat in the Large Intestine Constipation, Mouth burning sensation, Anal burning, Scanty and dark urine, Dry stools, Dry tongue... see more Ma Zi Ren Wan
Heat in Uterus Blood Constipation, Excessive menstruation, Sudden period before schedule, Dark menstrual blood, Sticky menstrual blood, Thirst, Flushed face, Anger, Anxiety, Dark urine... see more Qing Re Gu Jing Tang | Huai Jiao Wan | Gu Jing Wan
Liver Fire Blazing Constipation, Irritability, Anger, Tinnitus, Deafness, Temporal headache, Dizziness, Flushed face, Eye hyperemia, Thirst, Bitter taste in the mouth, Vivid dreaming, Dry stools, Dark urine, Nosebleeds, Cough of blood, Vomiting blood... see more Long Dan Xie Gan Tang | Dang Gui Long Hui Wan | Xie Qing Wan
Liver Fire insulting the Lungs Constipation, Shortness of breath, Asthma, Hypochondriac pain and discomfort, Cough with yellow or blood tinged sputum, Headaches, Dizziness, Flushed face, Thirst, Bitter taste in the mouth, Eye hyperemia, Scanty and dark urine... see more Long Dan Xie Gan Tang | Ke Xie Fang
Liver Wind agitating Internally due to Liver Fire Constipation, Tremors, Irritability, Anger, Tinnitus, Deafness, Temporal headache, Dizziness, Flushed face, Eye hyperemia, Thirst, Bitter taste in the mouth, Vivid dreaming, Dry stools, Dark urine, Nosebleeds, Vomiting blood, Cough of blood... see more Ling Jiao Gou Teng Tang | Zi Xue Dan | Feng Yin Tang
Stagnant Liver Qi turning into Fire Constipation, Hypochondriac distention, Upper abdominal distension, Stifling sensation in the chest, Irritability, Melancholia, Depression, Mood swings, Globus sensation, Feeling of heat, Flushed face, Thirst, Anger, Pre menstrual tension, Irregular periods, Pre menstrual breast distension, Excessive menstruation... see more Long Dan Xie Gan Tang | Dan Zhi Xiao Yao San
Stomach Heat or Fire Constipation, Upper abdominal burning pain, Excessive thirst, Craving for cold beverages, Restlessness, Dry stools, Dry mouth, Mouth ulcers, Acid reflux, Nausea, Vomiting after eating, Excessive hunger, Bad breath, Feeling of heat, Acne... see more Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang | Qing Wei San | Xie Huang San | Fei Er Wan | Hua Ban Tang
Toxic-Heat Constipation, Fever, Edema, Pus and discharge, Boils, Carbuncles, Pustule, Red skin eruptions, Sore throat, Eczema, Perineum swollen, Prostate swollen, Testicular swelling, Mouth ulcers, Tonsil swelling... see more Long Dan Xie Gan Tang | Xi Jiao Di Huang Tang | Yin Qiao San | Sang Ju Yin | Bai Hu Tang | Qing Ying Tang | Huang Lian Jie Du Tang | Xin Yi Qing Fei Yin | Gan Lu Xiao Du Dan | Shi Wei Bai Du San | San Zhong Kui Jian Tang | Zi Dang Gao | Er Qing Gao | Bing Peng San | Pu Ji Xiao Du Yin | Yin Qiao Jie Du Wan
Toxic-Heat Stagnation Constipation, Pustule, Carbuncles, Fever, Red skin eruptions, Sore throat, Throat pain, Eczema, Perineum swollen, Prostate swollen, Testicular swelling, Mouth ulcers, Tonsil swelling... see more Huang Lian Jie Du Tang | Xin Yi Qing Fei Yin
Phlegm-Heat in the Lungs Constipation, Coughing, Shortness of breath, Wheezing, Stifling sensation in the chest, Sputum, Feeling of heat, Thirst, Head and body heaviness, Dizziness, Copious thick yellow sputum... see more Xiao Xian Xiong Tang
Excess-Heat Constipation, Fever, Flushed face, Red skin eruptions, Mottled skin, Irritability, Thirst, Arthritis, Scanty and dark urine, Lupus... see more Xi Jiao Di Huang Tang
Stomach Fire or Stomach Heat Constipation, Toothache, Headaches, Loose teeth, Bleeding gums, Irritability, Thirst, Stomatitis, Periodontitis, Glossitis, Trigeminal neuralgia... see more Gua Lou San | Yu Nu Jian | Wen Dan Tang
Disharmony between Heart and Kidneys Constipation, Dizziness, Tinnitus, Insomnia, Palpitations, Poor memory, Lower back pain, Knee pain, Night sweats, Menopausal hot flashes, Blurry vision... see more Liu Wei Di Huang Wan | Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan
Heat in Yang brightness Organs Severe constipation, Excessive gas and flatulence, Focal distention, Abdominal fullness, Abdominal pain worsened by pressure, Abdominal tightness, Pancreatitis, Appendicitis, Cholecystitis, Bacillary dysentery, Icteric hepatitis... see more Da Cheng Qi Tang

TCM Herbal Formulas for Constipation

In addressing constipation, TCM utilizes a variety of herbal formulas tailored to the specific disharmony present. For Heat in the Blood, formulas like Qing Jing San, with cooling herbs such as Goji Tree Root Bark, help clear Heat and moisten Dryness. Wind patterns may be treated with Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin, which pacifies Internal Wind and alleviates constipation.

For Yin Deficiency leading to Dryness and constipation, Liu Wei Di Huang Wan nourishes the Yin of the Kidneys and Liver, promoting regularity. These formulas exemplify TCM’s holistic approach, focusing on restoring balance to the body’s systems.

Explore below some TCM herbal formulas used to address constipation, organized by cause and by formula type.

  • By Cause
  • By Formula Type
  • Heat
  • Wind
  • Yin Deficiency

All Formulas Recommended for Constipation Caused by Heat

Formula Patterns Suitable For
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang Heat in the Blood, Liver Fire Blazing, Liver Fire insulting the Lungs, Stagnant Liver Qi turning into Fire, Toxic-Heat... see more
Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang Bright Yang Fire in Stomach and Intestines, Stomach Heat or Fire
Xi Jiao Di Huang Tang Excess-Heat, Toxic-Heat
Huang Lian Jie Du Tang Toxic-Heat, Toxic-Heat Stagnation
Xin Yi Qing Fei Yin Toxic-Heat, Toxic-Heat Stagnation
Ling Jiao Gou Teng Tang Liver Wind agitating Internally due to Liver Fire
Gua Lou San Stomach Fire or Stomach Heat
Liu Wei Di Huang Wan Disharmony between Heart and Kidneys
Dan Zhi Xiao Yao San Stagnant Liver Qi turning into Fire
Da Cheng Qi Tang Heat in Yang brightness Organs
Qing Jing San Heat in the Blood
Liang Di Tang Heat in the Blood
Di Gu Pi Yin Heat in the Blood
Xiao Cheng Qi Tang Bright Yang Fire in Stomach and Intestines
Ma Zi Ren Wan Heat in the Large Intestine
Qing Re Gu Jing Tang Heat in Uterus Blood
Huai Jiao Wan Heat in Uterus Blood
Gu Jing Wan Heat in Uterus Blood
Dang Gui Long Hui Wan Liver Fire Blazing
Xie Qing Wan Liver Fire Blazing
Ke Xie Fang Liver Fire insulting the Lungs
Zi Xue Dan Liver Wind agitating Internally due to Liver Fire
Feng Yin Tang Liver Wind agitating Internally due to Liver Fire
Yu Nu Jian Stomach Fire or Stomach Heat
Wen Dan Tang Stomach Fire or Stomach Heat
Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan Disharmony between Heart and Kidneys
Qing Wei San Stomach Heat or Fire
Xie Huang San Stomach Heat or Fire
Fei Er Wan Stomach Heat or Fire
Hua Ban Tang Stomach Heat or Fire
Yin Qiao San Toxic-Heat
Sang Ju Yin Toxic-Heat
Bai Hu Tang Toxic-Heat
Qing Ying Tang Toxic-Heat
Gan Lu Xiao Du Dan Toxic-Heat
Shi Wei Bai Du San Toxic-Heat
San Zhong Kui Jian Tang Toxic-Heat
Zi Dang Gao Toxic-Heat
Er Qing Gao Toxic-Heat
Bing Peng San Toxic-Heat
Pu Ji Xiao Du Yin Toxic-Heat
Yin Qiao Jie Du Wan Toxic-Heat
Xiao Xian Xiong Tang Phlegm-Heat in the Lungs

Acupoints for Constipation

TCM also employs acupuncture as part of constipation treatment, targeting specific acupoints to stimulate Qi flow and relieve symptoms. Points like Dadu (SP-2) on the Spleen Channel can regulate digestion and clear Heat, while Daheng (SP-15) strengthens the Spleen to aid bowel movement.

On the Liver Channel, Taichong (LIV-3) is used to soothe Liver Qi Stagnation, a common cause of constipation. These acupoints are selected based on the individual’s pattern of disharmony, offering a personalized treatment approach that addresses the root of the problem.

Explore below some acupoints used to address constipation, organized by meridian.

  • By Meridian
  • Spleen Channel
  • Bladder Channel
  • Kidney Channel
Dadu SP-2

Dadu SP-2

On the medial aspect of the big toe, at the junction of the shaft and the base of the proximal phalanx, distal to the 1st metatarsophalangeal joint.

Taibai SP-3

Taibai SP-3

Proximal and inferior to the head of the 1st metatarsal bone, at the border of the red and white skin.

Shangqiu SP-5

Shangqiu SP-5

In the depression distal and inferior to the medial malleolus, midway between the navicular bone tubercle and the tip of the medial malleolus.

Sanyinjiao SP-6

Sanyinjiao SP-6

3 cun directly above the tip of the medial malleolus, on the posterior border of the tibia, on the line drawn from the medial malleolus to Yinlingquan SP-9.

Fushe SP-13

Fushe SP-13

0.7 cun above Chongmen SP-12, 4 cun lateral to the anterior midline.

Fujie SP-14

Fujie SP-14

On the mamillary line which is 4 cun lateral to the anterior midline. 3 cun above Fushe SP-13, 1.3 cun below Daheng SP-15, on the lateral side of rectus abdominis muscle.

Daheng SP-15

Daheng SP-15

On the mammillary line 4 cun lateral to the umbilicus center.

Fuai SP-16

Fuai SP-16

3 cun above the umbilicus center and 4 cun lateral to the anterior midline, on the mamillary line.

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