The information provided here is not a replacement for a doctor. You shouldn't use it for the purpose of self-diagnosing or self-medicating but rather so you can have a more informed discussion with a professional TCM practitioner.
Preliminary reading: What is a pattern? The Liver in Chinese Medicine The concept of Fire
Key attributes
Chinese name: 肝火上炎 Pinyin name: Gān Huǒ Shàng Yán
Pattern nature: Full
Common combinations: Liver Wind agitating Internally due to Liver Fire Liver Fire insulting the Lungs
Causes
Precursor patterns: Liver Qi Stagnation Liver Yang Rising Pericardium Fire
Common causes: 1. Prolonged emotional stress, 2. Unhealthy diet or alcohol abuse
Diagnosis
Common symptoms: Thirst Tinnitus Deafness Red face Red eyes and twelve other symptoms
Pulse type(s): Rapid (Shu), Wiry (Xian), Full (Shi)
Tongue description: Red body, redder on the sides, dry yellow coating
Treatment
Treatment principle: Clear the Liver, drain Fire.
Common formulas: Long Dan Xie Gan Tang Dang Gui Long Hui Wan Xie Qing Wan
Many of these symptoms are located in the upper-parts of the body because the nature of Fire is to flare upwards. As such we have the red face and eyes, the temporal headache, dizziness, etc. The headache is typically very intense, throbbing in character and located on the temples or felt in the eyes.
Liver-Fire also ascends to the ears and causes sudden onset tinnitus and deafness. The tinnitus will be experienced as a high-pitched whistle.
Fire also tends to agitate the Mind, located in the Heart. This gives rise to relatively strong mental–emotional symptoms such as the outbursts of anger. In Liver Fire Blazing, those symptoms are typically more pronounced than those of Liver Yang rising or Liver Qi stagnation.
The bitter taste in the mouth is caused by Liver Fire rising to the throat and mouth. It can also be caused by Heart Fire but if that's the case it's only present in the morning after waking up. Bitter taste in the mouth caused by Liver Fire Blazing is there for the whole day.
Liver Fire Blazing doesn't only affect the upper-parts of the body. It also dries up Body Fluids, resulting in constipation with dry stools and a concentrated, dark urine.
More rarely it may cause Heat in the Blood so much that it causes it to leave the vessels, much like earth's "fluid", lava, is pushed out of a volcano when heated. When this happens it gives rise to bleeding symptoms such as epistaxis (nosebleed), haemoptysis (coughing of blood) or haematemesis (vomiting of blood).
The Red tongue body reflects the Heat and the redder color of the sides reflects its location in the Liver. The dry yellow coating confirms that it is Full Heat (as opposed to Empty).
Precursor patterns: Liver Fire Blazing can derive from Liver Qi Stagnation Liver Yang Rising Pericardium Fire
Prolonged emotional stress: A longstanding state of anger (expressed or repressed), resentment or frustration makes Liver Qi Stagnate and eventually "implode", giving rise to Heat.
Unhealthy diet or alcohol abuse: Heat in the Liver can arise from excessive intake of alcohol, drugs, caffeinated foods and drinks, hot foods such as lamb and beef and fried and greasy foods.
Diagnosing a pattern in Chinese Medicine is no easy feat and should be left to professional practitioners. In particular one has to know how to differentiate between different types of pulses and tongue coatings, shapes and colors as well as learn to read from a long list of seemingly unrelated symptoms.
Pulse type(s): Rapid (Shu), wiry (Xian) or full (Shi)
Tongue description: Red body, redder on the sides, dry yellow coating
Main symptoms: Thirst Tinnitus Deafness Red face Red eyes Dizziness Epistaxis Dry stools Dark Urine Haemoptysis Irritability Constipation Haematemesis Outbursts of anger Temporal headaches Dream disturbed sleep Bitter taste in the mouth
Diagnosis commentary: The main characteristic symptoms of Liver Fire Blazing are the temporal headaches, the irritability, the red face and eyes and the Red tongue with yellow coating. A Red tongue with redder sides and a dry yellow coating is enough in and of itself to diagnose Liver Fire.
Clear the Liver, drain Fire.
The top herbs in Long Dan Xie Gan Tang are Chinese Gentian (Long Dan Cao), Baikal Skullcap Roots (Huang Qin) and Cape Jasmine Fruits (Zhi Zi)
Source date: 1682 AD
Number of ingredients: 10 herbs
Key actions: Clears Heat and Fire from the Liver and Gallbladder. Clears and drains Damp-Heat from the Lower Burner.
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang is a 10-ingredient Chinese Medicine formula. Invented in 1682 AD, it belongs to the category of formulas that clear Heat from the Organs.
Besides Liver Fire Blazing, Long Dan Xie Gan Tang is also used to treat Damp-Heat in the Liver or Stagnant Liver Qi turning into Fire.
The top herbs in Dang Gui Long Hui Wan are Dong Quai (Dang Gui), Chinese Gentian (Long Dan Cao) and Aloe Vera (Lu Hui)
Source date: 1172 AD
Number of ingredients: 11 herbs
Key actions: Drains Liver and Gallbladder Fire Excess.
Dang Gui Long Hui Wan is a 11-ingredient Chinese Medicine formula. Invented in 1172 AD, it belongs to the category of formulas that clear Heat from the Organs.
The top herbs in Xie Qing Wan are Chinese Gentian (Long Dan Cao), Notopterygium Roots (Qiang Huo) and Cape Jasmine Fruits (Zhi Zi)
Xie Qing Wan is a 9-ingredient Chinese Medicine formula. Invented in 1119 AD, it belongs to the category of formulas that clear Heat from the Organs.
Avoid excessive intake of alcohol, drugs, caffeinated foods and drinks (including coffee, black tea, cocoa, colas and chocolate), hot natured foods such as lamb and beef and fried and greasy foods, chips of all kinds, nuts and nut butters, avocados, cheese and dairy, turkey and red meats, hot and spicy foods, drugs and stimulants.
The foods which help reduce Liver Fire include vegetables, bitter foods, dark leafy greens, such as kale, collards, dandelion, mustard, beet and mustard greens, lemon, watermelon, cucumber and mung beans.
Emotionally it is extremely important to find constructive ways to express and release the pent up anger, frustration, irritability and resentment. Find work which is satisfying and enjoyable. Discover creative outlets and actively pursue them.
Liver Fire can dry up Yin and may therefore induce a deficiency of Liver Yin.
Liver Fire is easily transmitted to the Heart, giving rise to Heart Fire Blazing: this is more likely to happen when severe emotional stress is the cause of the problem.
If left untreated Liver Fire Blazing can lead to Heat in the Blood
Liver Wind agitating Internally due to Liver Fire
If left untreated Liver Fire Blazing can lead to Liver Wind agitating Internally due to Liver Fire
Liver Channel and Pericardium Channel are related within the Terminal Yin (Jue Yin) Channel. Therefore Live Fire can cause Pericardium Fire or vice versa.
Liver Fire insulting the Lungs
Fire tends to rise and therefore Liver Qi rebels upwards towards the chest. In time, it may prevent Lung Qi from descending.