Chinese: 五苓散
Pinyin: Wǔ Líng Sàn
Other names: Poria Five Herbs Formula
Chinese: 五苓散
Pinyin: Wǔ Líng Sàn
Other names: Poria Five Herbs Formula
Number of ingredients: 5 herbs
Formula category: Formulas that promote urination and leach out Dampness
Conditions for which it may be prescribed: LupusEdemaAscites and seventeen other conditions
Contraindications: In patients with Spleen or Kidney Qi Deficiency, the dosage and duration of use... In patients with Spleen or Kidney Qi Deficiency, the dosage and duration of use of this formula must be carefully limited. It is not indicated for thirst due to Heat Excess or from Yin Deficiency. see more
Source date: 220 AD
Source book: Discussion of Cold Damage
The information provided here is not a replacement for a doctor. You shouldn't use it for the purpose of self-diagnosing or self-medicating but rather so you can have a more informed discussion with a professional TCM practitioner.
Wu Ling San is a 5-ingredient Chinese Medicine formula with Water Plantain (Ze Xie) as a principal ingredient.
Invented in 220 AD, it belongs to the category of formulas that promote urination and leach out Dampness. Its main actions are: 1) promotes urination, and 2) warms the Yang.
In Chinese Medicine health conditions are thought to arise due to "disharmonies" in the body as a system. These disharmonies are called "patterns" and the very purpose of herbal formulas is to fight them in order to restore the body's harmony.
In this case Wu Ling San is used by TCM practitioners to fight patterns like Yin Excess, Kidney Yang Deficiency with Water overflowing or Greater Yang Accumulation of Water. From a Western Medicine standpoint, such patterns can give rise to a range of conditions such as lupus, edema or glomerulonephritis for instance.
On this page, after a detailed description of each of the five ingredients in Wu Ling San, we review the patterns and conditions that Wu Ling San helps treat.
Ze Xie is a king ingredient in Wu Ling San. Like the name indicates, it means it has more power than other ingredients in the formula.
Part used: Dried tuber
Nature: Cold
Taste(s): Sweet
Meridian affinity: BladderKidney
Category: Herbs that drain Dampness
Ze Xie leaches out Dampness and promotes urination. Its cold nature also enables it to eliminate the Stagnant Heat caused by water buildup.
Fu Ling is a deputy ingredient in Wu Ling San. This means it helps the king ingredient(s) treat the main pattern or it serves to treat a coexisting pattern.
Part used: Dried sclerotium
Nature: Neutral
Taste(s): Sweet
Meridian affinity: HeartKidneyLungSpleen
Category: Herbs that drain Dampness
Fu Ling is particularly effective in leaching out Dampness by promoting urination, strengthening the Spleen and assisting the Yang.
Zhu Ling is a deputy ingredient in Wu Ling San. This means it helps the king ingredient(s) treat the main pattern or it serves to treat a coexisting pattern.
Part used: Dried sclerotium
Nature: Neutral
Taste(s): Sweet
Meridian affinity: BladderKidney
Category: Herbs that drain Dampness
In general Zhu Ling's main actions are as follows: "Drains Dampness and encourages urination"
In the context of Wu Ling San, it is used because it eliminates Dampness and promotes urination.
Gui Zhi is an assistant ingredient in Wu Ling San. This means that it either serves to reinforces the effect of other ingredients or it moderates their toxicity.
Gui Zhi serves as both an assistant and envoy in this formula. When the retention of Dampness obstructs the circulation of Fluids, the Kidneys and Bladder may be unable to transform them. Cinnamon twigs are used to warm the Fire at the gate of vitality, which is like adding firewood under the cauldron. Not only does this assist the Bladder in transforming and discharging urine, it also helps the Spleen Qi to raise the clear, thus facilitating the movement and 'steaming' of the Fluids by the Kidneys. In this respect, it serves as an envoy to the Kidneys and Bladder. As an assistant, it also helps to dispel pathogenic influences from the Exterior and thereby release the exterior aspects of the greater Yang-warp disorder.
Bai Zhu is an assistant ingredient in Wu Ling San. This means that it either serves to reinforces the effect of other ingredients or it moderates their toxicity.
Part used: Dried rhizome
Nature: Warm
Meridian affinity: SpleenStomach
Category: Tonic herbs for Qi Deficiency
Bai Zhu strengthens the Spleen Qi, thereby helping it transform and transport Fluids (one of its key roles) and thus helping resolve Dampness.
It's important to remember that herbal formulas are meant to treat patterns, not "diseases" as understood in Western Medicine. According to Chinese Medicine patterns, which are disruptions to the body as a system, are the underlying root cause for diseases and conditions.
As such Wu Ling San is used by TCM practitioners to treat nine different patterns which we describe below.
But before we delve into these patterns here is an overview of the Western conditions they're commonly associated with:
Lupus Edema Glomerulonephritis Pyelonephritis Nephrotic syndrome Cystitis Hydrocele Migraine Trigeminal neuralgia Motion sickness Meniere's disease Hepatitis Gastrectasis Acute enteritis Ascites Congestive heart failure Conjunctivitis Pericardial and pleural effusions Hydrocephalus Polyhydramnios
Again it wouldn't be correct to say "Wu Ling San treats lupus" for instance. Rather, Wu Ling San is used to treat patterns that are sometimes the root cause behind lupus.
Now let's look at the nine patterns commonly treated with Wu Ling San.
'Excess' as a body pattern in Chinese Medicine is one of the so-called "Eight Principles". Learn more about Excess / Full in Chinese Medicine
Pulse type(s): Slippery (Hua), Tight (Jin), Wiry (Xian), Full (Shi)
Tongue coating: Thick white coating
Tongue color: Pale
Symptoms: Edema Nausea Dampness No thirst Cold limbs Pale urine Loose stools Poor appetite Feeling of cold Profuse urination Frequent urination Feeling of heaviness Feeling of oppression Heavy vaginal discharge Pain relieved with heat Forceful but slow movement Abdominal distention and fullness Epigastric pain worsen by pressure
Wu Ling San is sometimes prescribed by TCM practitioners to treat Yin Excess. This pattern leads to symptoms such as no thirst, forceful but slow movement, epigastric pain worsen by pressure and profuse urination. Patients with Yin Excess typically exhibit slippery (Hua), tight (Jin), wiry (Xian) or full (Shi) pulses as well as Pale with white wet and/or creamy think coating.
Excess Yin is a Full Yin state pattern. It creates Cold symptoms which are similar to these of Yang Deficiency, such as feeling of cold, cold limbs, profuse but clear urination, pain that gets worse by pressure but relieved by warmth. It is because Yin is cooling in nature and the excessive... read more about Yin Excess
The Kidneys is a so-called "Zang" Organ. Learn more about the Kidneys in Chinese Medicine
Pulse type(s): Deep (Chen), Slow (Chi), Weak (Ruo)
Symptoms: Asthma Coughing Cold hands Palpitations Breathlessness Feeling of cold Scanty clear urination White and watery sputum Soreness of the lower back Abdominal distention and fullness Cold feeling in the legs and the back Oedema especially of the legs and ankles
Wu Ling San is sometimes prescribed by TCM practitioners to treat Kidney Yang Deficiency with Water overflowing. This pattern leads to symptoms such as oedema especially of the legs and ankles, cold feeling in the legs and the back, abdominal distention and fullness and soreness of the lower back. Patients with Kidney Yang Deficiency with Water overflowing typically exhibit deep (Chen), slow (Chi) or weak (Ruo) pulses.
This pattern is a severe case of Kidney Yang Deficiency and necessarily a very chronic condition. This is both a Deficiency and Excess pattern, the Excess part being the accumulation of Fluids.
It occurs when Kidney Yang fails to transform Body Fluids (since the Kidneys "rule Water") which... read more about Kidney Yang Deficiency with Water overflowing
'Yang' as a body pattern in Chinese Medicine is one of the so-called "Eight Principles". Learn more about Yang in Chinese Medicine
Pulse type(s): Rapid (Shu), Floating (Fu)
Symptoms: Fever Slight thirst Aversion to cold Urinary retention Vomiting of fluids soon after drinking
Wu Ling San is sometimes prescribed by TCM practitioners to treat Greater Yang Accumulation of Water. This pattern leads to symptoms such as aversion to cold, fever, urinary retention and slight thirst. Patients with Greater Yang Accumulation of Water typically exhibit rapid (Shu) or floating (Fu) pulses.
This is one of the four patterns of the Greater Yang stage, the third stage of the Six Stages theory.
In this pattern, on top of being in the Exterior, the External Pathogen has invaded the Bladder.
Symptoms of the Exterior attack include the aversion to cold due to the obstruction of the space... read more about Greater Yang Accumulation of Water
Body Fluids (Jin Ye) is one of Chinese Medicine's vital subtances. Learn more about Body Fluids in Chinese Medicine
Pulse type(s): Wiry (Xian)
Symptoms: Oedema Coughing No sweat Chest fullness No desire to drink Shortness of breath Vomiting of watery fluids Feeling of heaviness of body Abdominal distention and fullness Hypochondrial pain that is worse on coughing and breathing
Wu Ling San is sometimes prescribed by TCM practitioners to treat Phlegm-Fluids. This pattern leads to symptoms such as abdominal distention and fullness, vomiting of watery fluids, feeling of heaviness of body and shortness of breath. Patients with Phlegm-Fluids typically exhibit wiry (Xian) pulses.
Both Phlegm and Fluids here are the pathological fluid wastes that fails to be expelled or drained out of the body. Then they can accumulate and settle down in any body parts, such as the Organs, Channels, joints, limbs and etc. If these Body Fluids store between the skin and muscle, they are... read more about Phlegm-Fluids
Body Fluids (Jin Ye) is one of Chinese Medicine's vital subtances. Learn more about Body Fluids in Chinese Medicine
Pulse type(s): Slippery (Hua), Wiry (Xian)
Tongue coating: Sticky coating, Thick coating
Tongue shape: Swollen
Symptoms: Lumps Nausea Tumors Oedema Nodules Obesity Fatigue Vertigo Delirium Belching Vomiting Dizziness Moodiness Overweight Bad breath Depression Watery milk Clear mucus Irritability Poor appetite Low metabolism Chest fullness Chest pressure Breast distention Abdominal fullness Sputum in the chest Feeling of heaviness Thick tongue coating Muzziness of the head Numbness in the limbs Thick greasy secretions Feeling of oppression of the chest No feeling of distension of the breasts
Wu Ling San is sometimes prescribed by TCM practitioners to treat Phlegm. This pattern leads to symptoms such as feeling of oppression of the chest, muzziness of the head, dizziness and nausea. Patients with Phlegm typically exhibit slippery (Hua) or wiry (Xian) pulses as well as swollen tongue with sticky coating .
Phlegm has a great importance in Chinese Medicine as it is both a condition in and of itself as well as a cause for other diseases.
The main cause for the formation of Phlegm is Spleen Deficiency since the Spleen rules the transformation and transportation of Body Fluids. If this function is... read more about Phlegm
Body Fluids (Jin Ye) is one of Chinese Medicine's vital subtances. Learn more about Body Fluids in Chinese Medicine
Pulse type(s): Hidden (Fu), Slowed-down (Huan)
Tongue coating: Thick white coating
Symptoms: Fatigue Sore back Sore knees Cold limbs Eye swelling Loose stools Poor appetite Oedema of face Oedema of feet Oedema of legs Oedema of hands Oedema of ankles Oedema of abdomen Labored breathing Abdomen distension Urinary difficulty Feeling of heaviness General sensation of heaviness distention and fullness
Wu Ling San is sometimes prescribed by TCM practitioners to treat Oedema. This pattern leads to symptoms such as oedema of abdomen, oedema of ankles, oedema of face and oedema of feet. Patients with Oedema typically exhibit hidden (Fu) or slowed-down (Huan) pulses as well as Pale tongue with white sticky coating or white slippery coating.
Oedema (also spelled "Edema") a retention of Body Fluids that results in swellings, depending where the retention occurs: it can be in the limbs, the legs, the face, etc. The swellings are usually so that if one presses on it with a finger, the resulting dip takes a long time to disappear.
Oedema... read more about Oedema
The Spleen is a so-called "Zang" Organ. Learn more about the Spleen in Chinese Medicine
Pulse type(s): Deep (Chen), Weak (Ruo), Fine (Xi)
Tongue color: Pale
Symptoms: Loose stools Oedema of face Pale complexion Oedema of limbs Cold extremities Frequent urination Shortness of breath Abdominal distention and fullness
Wu Ling San is sometimes prescribed by TCM practitioners to treat Spleen and Kidney Yang Deficiency. This pattern leads to symptoms such as pale complexion, oedema of face, oedema of limbs and abdominal distention and fullness. Patients with Spleen and Kidney Yang Deficiency typically exhibit deep (Chen), weak (Ruo) or fine (Xi) pulses as well as a pale tongue.
The Spleen is a so-called "Zang" Organ. Learn more about the Spleen in Chinese Medicine
Symptoms: Edema Diarrhea Insomnia Tiredness Dry mouth Dark Urine Loose stools Vaginal pain Vulvar itching Candida infection Urinary difficulty Trichomonas infection White vaginal discharge Sticky vaginal discharge Smelly Vaginal discharge Heat in vaginal and vulvar Excessive vaginal discharge General sensation of heaviness
Wu Ling San is sometimes prescribed by TCM practitioners to treat Spleen Deficiency with Dampness. This pattern leads to symptoms such as edema, general sensation of heaviness, diarrhea and urinary difficulty.
The Triple Burner is a so-called "Fu" Organ. Learn more about the Triple Burner in Chinese Medicine
Symptoms: Vertigo Coughing Shortness of breath Vomiting frothy saliva Throbbing pulsations just below the umbilicus
Wu Ling San is sometimes prescribed by TCM practitioners to treat Phlegm in the Lower Burner. This pattern leads to symptoms such as throbbing pulsations just below the umbilicus, vomiting frothy saliva, vertigo and shortness of breath.
Ling Gui Zhu Gan Tang is 60% similar to Wu Ling San
Wei Ling Tang is 56% similar to Wu Ling San
Gui Ling Gan Lu Yin is 44% similar to Wu Ling San
Dang Gui Shao Yao San is 43% similar to Wu Ling San
Si Jun Zi Tang is 40% similar to Wu Ling San
Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan is 40% similar to Wu Ling San